Domestic cattle, sheep, pigs, horses and llamas can also become infected with deer liver flukes.ĭeer liver flukes rarely cause clinical illness in free-ranging deer and do not seem to have a major impact on wild deer populations. These flukes can also infect mule deer, elk, moose, bison and other wild ruminants. In North America the primary hosts for F. Other control methods include rotating pastures and controlling liver fluke infections. The best way to prevent this disease is to vaccinate (a primer and booster vaccine) against Clostridium haemolyticum (found within the eight-way Clostridial vaccine). How do you prevent redwater disease in cattle? It is not until there is local liver damage and necrosis (usually caused by a migrating liver fluke infection) that the bacteria spores germinate into vegetative cells that multiply and produce toxins that destroy the red blood cells in the body. The bacteria spores are ingested and are naturally found in the rumen and liver of healthy cattle. It is caused by the bacteria Clostridium haemolyticum, which is a soil-borne bacterium. Therefore, these infections will not propagate in areas where the intermediate host snails are not present.īacillary hemoglobinuria is also known as redwater disease. magna depends upon the distribution of an intermediate host, the lymnaeid snail. Once they reach the liver of the dead-end host (cattle) they become encased in fibrous cysts and develop into adults, causing extensive damage to the liver and creating favorable conditions for secondary infections of the liver.Ĭan deer flukes be spread to areas that don’t currently have them?Ĭattle are a dead-end host and do not shed F.magna migrates through the intestinal wall to the liver. The young flukes then migrate from snails to vegetation where they are consumed by livestock. magna is carried primarily by white-tailed deer, fluke eggs pass through the deer, hatch in water and infect Lymnaeid snails. Retreatment after 90 days may be necessary in heavily infected areas to address potentially immature flukes at time of initial treatment. Treatment of beef cattle following heavy killing frost is recommended. When should I treat beef cattle for deer flukes? Liver fluke plus#Can I use Curatrem® or Ivomec Plus® instead of Valbazen® to control deer flukes?Ĭuratrem® (clorsulon at 7 mg/kg) and Ivermectin plus (clorsulon at 2 mg/kg) are not labelled for treatment against F. However, using 1.5 times the label dose may be useful to account for application losses. Increasing the dose does not increase efficacy. If I increase the label dose of Valbazen® is it more effective? The flukes need to be mature (more than 90 days old) for treatment to be effective. How do you treat deer flukes?Īlbendazole (Valbazen®) at 10 mg/kg, is effective at controlling F. magna migrations or through secondary infections like Redwater disease (Bacillary hemoglobinuria). Yes, through liver damage as a result of F. magna metacercaria (enclosed in a protective sac). Livestock can get infected by grazing vegetation or feedstuffs, primarily hay, containing F. Deer liver flukes can be present in feedstuffs, mainly hay, and fresh forages.
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